# Sustainable Manufacturing Decisions with Simulation: Part 2 - Savonia AMK

> Interactive simulation model captures design, material, and process inputs to evaluate manufacturing performance and CO₂.

## Initial Simulation Parameters
The first interface represents the initial frame of the simulation model. In this frame, the user defines the initial parameters that influence the environmental and manufacturing evaluation of a product. The purpose of this interface is to collect key design, material, and manufacturing information that will later be used by the decision-making and carbon footprint calculation model.

*   **Material and Surface Treatment:** Selection influences the environmental footprint due to varying embodied emissions and processing requirements.
*   **Manufacturing Difficulty and Tolerancing:** Describes the production process demand. Higher requirements typically necessitate more precise machining, specialized tooling, or additional steps, increasing energy consumption, time, and cost.
*   **Geometry Difficulty:** Describes the complexity of the part geometry. More complex geometries often require advanced machining, additional setups, or specialized tools.
*   **Design Dependency/Freedom:** Evaluates modularity. Modular designs allow more flexibility, while highly dependent designs may restrict process choices and increase complexity.
*   **Design Familiarity:** Indicates whether the product is a well-known design or a new concept. Familiar designs involve less uncertainty and lower manufacturing risk.
*   **Decision Priority:** Users select weighting (Environmental, Economical, Manufacturing Feasibility, or Design). A "custom" option allows for manual adjustment of scoring based on user preference.
*   **Block Weight and Material Removal:** Defines initial raw material mass and expected material removal during machining to estimate material usage, waste, and carbon footprint.

## Hierarchical Decision Process (AHP)
By clicking on "custom," users access the AHP scoring table. This evaluates manufacturing and design options based on Environmental, Economic, Manufacturing feasibility, and design complexity criteria.

*   **Main Criteria:** Four categories (Environmental, Economic, Manufacturing Feasibility, and Design Complexity) with weights summing to 100.
*   **Sub-criteria:** Each main category is broken down into specific measurable factors. Weights within these categories are relative to their corresponding main criterion.

## Evaluation Results
Once the simulation starts, the second window displays the results generated from the input parameters.

*   **Scoring Table:** Provides numerical results for each option. Each row represents an evaluation criterion, showing how strongly it contributes to the overall performance based on the selected weighting.
*   **Total Scores:** Sums the weighted criteria for each option to form the basis for ranking.
*   **Process Emissions:** Displays the calculated CO₂ emissions associated with the manufacturing processes of each option in kilograms.
*   **Stacked Charts:** Visualizes the proportion of cost, emissions, manufacturing, and design contributions for each option, allowing users to identify the impact of each criterion.

## Project Information
This article and simulation model were developed as part of the EU-funded "Simulation models in industrial processes" project.

*   **Simulation Software:** AnyLogic
*   **Simulation Model:** [View on AnyLogic Cloud](https://cloud.anylogic.com/model/71d2442f-0011-4b95-9047-c6e674077c3a)
*   **Project Website:** [SitePro Savonia](https://sitepro.savonia.fi/)
*   **Part 1:** [Read the first part of this article](https://www.savonia.fi/en/articles-pro/sustainable-manufacturing-decisions-with-simulation-part-1/)

**Author:** Sorayya Amirahmadi, Project Specialist, Savonia University of Applied Sciences

*This work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0*